OK, here's the real nitty gritty off your problem.
The reasons for blue error screens are many and varied. It happens when the system encounters a critical error. By default the system is set to restart on critical error, this can be disabled so that the blue screen stays visible. In reality there's not much point in doing this as the error message is difficult to interpret, also reference to the Microsoft help and support articles web site is needed.
Transplanting a hard drive from one system to another proves nothing, even though the donor system is working correctly. The donor system has a different motherboard, CPU, RAM and maybe expansion cards, therefore a totally different set of drivers installed. The result is going to be critical errors i.e. blue error screen. This would in reality be expected.
Now to the problem.
One of the most common problems to cause blue screens is Hard Drive corruption, so the first thing to do is to do a full scan of the drive for errors. This then has to be done using an original Microsoft install CD, as we have no access to the system.
I am now assuming you are running XP as you don't say what the OS is.
So you will need the Windows XP install CD, not a recovery set.
Place the CD in the drive and re-boot the system as the system boots you should be given the option "Press any key to boot from cd" press a key. The system will boot from the CD. Allow it to boot to the first screen where it will give you 3 choices.
You now need to select repair using the recovery console, press R.
The recovery console window will open. You will be asked, which Windows system do you want to log onto enter 1 then press enter. You are then asked to enter the Administrator password, if there is one enter it and press the enter key, if there is not a password just press enter. You will now be logged into the recovery console.
Enter the following command exactly as shown including the spaces followed by the enter key.
chkdsk /r c:
The check disk utility will now run, this will take some time, just wait and let it complete. When it completes type "exit" press enter key. The system will now re-start. Do not boot from the CD let it boot normally. All being good the system should now boot up. If not there is still another option left. Come back to me for the details of this if you need to.
If your using Vista the process should be much the same.
If you do not have an original install CD try to borrow one for this purpose only, otherwise you have no option but to recover the system using the original recovery media.