for the average person, you will never notice any difference between different cache sizes or different front-side bus speeds. Those are pretty much for benchmarking and record-breaking purposes only.
Depending on your uses,
for any sort of computer intensive editing like sound or video editing, make sure you get a quad core. Intel Core 2 Quad is the best choice.
anything faster than a 2.4ghz Q6600 is great. 2.4ghz is super fast for the average person already, but editing takes alot of power.
If you access data alot or store and retrieve things that need speed, pay attention to harddrive speed. Not many people will notice this, but the average harddrive spinning speed of the needle is 5400 RPM to 7200 RPM. For the speed editing needs, get a 10,000 RPM harddrive. Examples of those are Western Digital Raptor or Velociraptor series harddrives or Seagate Cheetah series drives.
IF you game like CoD4 and Half Life 2, go for a dual core that is around 3ghz. Again, only go for Intel Core 2 Duo.
speed is all you need in gaming.
for RAM wise, go with 4gb. You'll need it in the future.
Video card, go for atleast an 8000 series Gforce graphics card.
No lower than a 8800 GTS 320mb.
8800 GTS 640mb is good
8800 GT
8800 GT 1gb
8800 GTX
9600 GT is ok
9600 GS is NO GO <- DO NOT GET if you even can
9800 GT is good
9800 GTX is great
9800 GX2 is amazing
GTX 260 is freakin cool
GTX 280 is over kill
if you go ATI / Radeon
4850
4870
4870 x2
pretty much 4000 series card.
i'm not an expert on ATI cards.
Operating system.
Windows XP 64 bit
or Windows Vista Ultimate 64 bit
make sure it is Ultimate. and get NOTHING ELSE other than Ultimate.